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Nikola Mushanov
Nikola Stoykov Mushanov ((ブルガリア語:Никола Стойков Мушанов)) (12 April 1872 in Dryanovo – 10 May 1951) was a Bulgarian liberal politician who served as Prime Minister and leader of the Democratic Party. He later became noted for vigorous opposition to the growth of anti-Semitism in the country during the Second World War.
==Prime Minister==
Mushanov studied and worked in law before embarking on a career in politics.〔Frederick B. Chary, ''The History of Bulgaria'', ABC-CLIO, 2011, p. 183〕 He was first elected to the Sabranie in 1902.〔Marshall Lee Miller, ''Bulgaria During the Second World War'', Stanford University Press, 1975, p. 205〕
After a career as a minister in a number of governments, Mushanov came to power on 12 October 1931 following the decision of Aleksandar Malinov to step down due to ill health.〔Chary, ''The History of Bulgaria'', p. 72〕 His greatest policy success came in 1932 when he managed to bring an end to the war reparations that Bulgaria had been forced to pay.〔Martin Miller-Yianni, ''Bulgarian History - A Concise Account'', 2010, p. 33〕 Despite this, the economy remained in a poor state, whilst his policy aims of working with Kemal Atatürk towards reconciliation with Turkey also upset the right. Like most of his contemporaries Mushanov also faced the problem of dealing with the Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization and followed the practice of his predecessors of opposing the group's activity, despite personally having some sympathy with their aims.〔Marina Cattaruzza, Stefan Dyroff, Dieter Langewiesche, ''Territorial Revisionism And The Allies Of Germany In The Second World War: Goals, Expectations, Practices'', Berghahn Books, 2012, p. 166〕 Alongside this, the government was marked by internal political difficulties, notably with the governing Democratic Union splitting during his premiership and the government having to be reformed on different lines.〔S.G. Evans, ''A Short History of Bulgaria'', London, Lawrence and Wishart, 1960, p. 171〕 As a result he was overthrown in a military coup on May 9, 1934 by the militaristic Zveno movement.〔Spas Raĭkin, ''Rebel with a Just Cause: A Political Journey Against the Winds of the 20th Century'', Pensoft Publishers, 2001, p. 192〕
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